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Evolution

Food 101: Chili – The Fiery Journey of A Culinary Delight

Chili Red Spices Food Indian Vegetables Cooking Health

Chili peppers (also spelled chili or chile) are the fiery, pungent fruits of plants in the genus *Capsicum*, belonging to the nightshade family (Solanaceae). Native to the Americas—likely first domesticated in Mexico—they were spread worldwide after Christopher Columbus brought them to Europe in the late 15th century, quickly becoming essential in cuisines across Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and beyond. Their signature heat comes from **capsaicin** and related compounds concentrated in the inner membranes, measured on the Scoville scale from mild bell peppers at 0 SHU to ultra-hot varieties like Pepper X exceeding 2.6 million SHU. Image source: Bharath N/Pexel

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Technology 101: Modern Spectacle Lenses – Types and Innovations

Spectacle Lenses Eyes Technology Lens

Spectacle lenses are precisely shaped pieces of optical material (usually plastic or glass) designed to correct vision problems by bending light rays before they enter the eye, compensating for refractive errors like myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia (age-related near-vision loss). Image source: Pexel / Ksenia Chernaya

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Technology 101: Floppy Disk Revolution: Why 1.44 MB Changed Everything

Floppy Disk Computing Storage

The floppy disk was a portable magnetic storage medium introduced by IBM in 1971. Initially, an 8-inch flexible disk encased in a cardboard jacket holding about 80 KB of data, it evolved into the rigid 5.25-inch version (up to 1.2 MB) in the late 1970s and the ubiquitous 3.5-inch hard-shell format (1.44 MB standard) by the mid-1980s, popularized by Apple’s Macintosh and Sony’s design. Data was written and read via a spinning disk coated with magnetic material, accessed through a sliding metal shutter, making it ideal for transferring files, distributing software, and booting systems. Image source: Wikimedia/George Chernilevsky

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Military 101: Powerful Air-to-Air Missiles: A Comparative Study of Technological Evolution

Air-to-air missiles Falcon Weapon Military

The first operational guided air-to-air missile was the Hughes AIM-4 Falcon, developed by the United States Air Force. Its development began in 1946, and it was first tested in 1949. The AIM-4 Falcon was designed during a time when the concept of air combat was rapidly changing, reflecting the technological advancements of the era. This missile marked a significant milestone in military aviation, setting the stage for the development of more advanced air-to-air missile systems used in modern warfare. Image Source: Estrella Warbirds Museum

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Farming 101: Precision & Smart Farming – Part 2: Lessons from Singapore (Videos)

Singapore Food Import Security Smart Farming

Never put all your eggs in one basket so they say and for a small island country like Singapore, food security goes beyond the ability to feed its people but also impacts their national security. This is why Singapore ensures that its food source is not limited to only 1 to 2 countries. Eggs, for instance, are sourced from almost 11 countries although probably Malaysia would be the largest exporter of eggs to Singapore. Infographic source: Mothership

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Religion 101: Oh No, Darwin Been Banned in Malaysia

darwin

(Book on Darwin is banned in Malaysia. What is the criteria to ban a book? What constitutes a great endangerment of public harmony? It gets rather ugly when a book is banned just because it goes against one’s personal values and beliefs. Cartoon source: http://www.incidentalcomics.com)

Still, saying that the implementation of hudud will not impact the non-Muslims? Well, think again.

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