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Technology 101: UPI Payment System of India: History & Coverage

e-wallet credit card banking bank online financial scam ewallet UPI Paynet money finance technology

The Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is transforming India’s digital payment landscape, facilitating real-time transactions through a user-friendly mobile interface. Since its launch in 2016, UPI has enabled seamless money transfers, promoting financial inclusion and digital literacy across urban and rural areas. With over 400 million users and record transaction volumes, UPI is becoming indispensable for consumers and businesses alike. Photo by Andrea Piacquadio from Pexels

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Economy 101: Top Economies in Africa – Strengths, and Weaknesses

G20 Economy African European Union

The G20 (Group of Twenty) is the world’s premier forum for international economic cooperation, bringing together 19 major economies (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States) plus the European Union and, since 2023, the African Union as a permanent member. Together they represent about 85% of global GDP, 75% of international trade, and two-thirds of the world’s population. Image source: Wikipedia / European Union

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Food 101: Chili – The Fiery Journey of A Culinary Delight

Chili Red Spices Food Indian Vegetables Cooking Health

Chili peppers (also spelled chili or chile) are the fiery, pungent fruits of plants in the genus *Capsicum*, belonging to the nightshade family (Solanaceae). Native to the Americas—likely first domesticated in Mexico—they were spread worldwide after Christopher Columbus brought them to Europe in the late 15th century, quickly becoming essential in cuisines across Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and beyond. Their signature heat comes from **capsaicin** and related compounds concentrated in the inner membranes, measured on the Scoville scale from mild bell peppers at 0 SHU to ultra-hot varieties like Pepper X exceeding 2.6 million SHU. Image source: Bharath N/Pexel

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Religion 101: Adi Shankaracharya – The Great Beacon of Hindu Philosophy

Adi Shankaracharya Hindu India Religion

Adi Shankaracharya (c. 788–820 CE) was a preeminent Indian philosopher, theologian, and monk who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta. Often revered as an incarnation of Lord Shiva, he is credited with reviving Hinduism during a period of significant sectarian division and external challenge. Image source: Wikipedia/By Raja Ravi Varma – Google Arts & Culture

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History 101: Renaissance: A Rebirth of Art and Learning

Leonardo da Vinci Art Renaissance History Italy Europe

The fascinating era of the Renaissance, a transformative period in European history, spanned from the 14th to the 17th century. Discover the revival of classical antiquity, the emergence of humanism, and the groundbreaking advancements in art, science, and literature with influential figures such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Galileo, and Copernicus, whose works laid the foundation for modern Western civilization. Delve into the innovations that shaped this pivotal chapter in history and understand its lasting legacy on contemporary culture and thought.  Image source: Eric Kim Photography

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Movie Review 101: Star Wars: Rogue One – Brilliant Side Story of Star Wars

Star Wars Rogue One John William Death Star Darth Vader

‘Rogue One: A Star Wars Story’ is a pivotal standalone film that enriches the Star Wars saga by exploring the rebellion’s mission to steal the Death Star plans. Directed by Gareth Edwards, it introduces compelling characters like Jyn Erso and Cassian Andor, weaving themes of hope, sacrifice, and moral complexities within a gripping narrative. With stunning visuals and a powerful score, the film has received critical acclaim and commercial success, solidifying its place in the Star Wars universe. This post analyzes the film’s storyline, character development, cinematography, and its significant ties to ‘A New Hope’, exploring what makes ‘Rogue One’ a memorable entry in the franchise. Image source: Hollywood Reporter

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Farming 101: Durians – Fascinating History and Diverse Varieties

Durian Nature Fruit King Torn

Durian, often called the “king of fruits,” is a large, spiny tropical fruit native to Southeast Asia, especially Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. Famous for its powerful, pungent odour—described as a mix of rotten onions, turpentine, and sewage—it has a creamy, custard-like flesh that ranges from pale yellow to deep orange, with a complex flavour blending sweet, savoury, nutty, and slightly alcoholic notes. Image source: Wikimedia

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Military 101: Bunker Buster Bombs: A Global Perspective

Bunker Buster Bomb Weapon US

The BLU-122 is a 5,000-pound class precision-guided penetrator warhead developed by the United States Air Force as a modern successor to the Vietnam-era BLU-82 “Daisy Cutter” and the earlier GBU-28 bunker buster bomb. It is specifically designed to defeat deeply buried and hardened targets (DBHTs) such as underground command centers, weapons-of-mass-destruction storage sites, and reinforced tunnels that are beyond the reach of the older GBU-28 (also 5,000 lb class) and even the 30,000 lb GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP) in certain scenarios requiring lower collateral damage or delivery from tactical aircraft. Image source: US Air Force / Wikipedia

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Technology 101: Modern Spectacle Lenses – Types and Innovations

Spectacle Lenses Eyes Technology Lens

Spectacle lenses are precisely shaped pieces of optical material (usually plastic or glass) designed to correct vision problems by bending light rays before they enter the eye, compensating for refractive errors like myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia (age-related near-vision loss). Image source: Pexel / Ksenia Chernaya

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Economy 101: The Powerful G20 – History, Members, and Objectives

G20 Economy African European Union

The G20 (Group of Twenty) is the world’s premier forum for international economic cooperation, bringing together 19 major economies (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States) plus the European Union and, since 2023, the African Union as a permanent member. Together they represent about 85% of global GDP, 75% of international trade, and two-thirds of the world’s population. Image source: Wikipedia / European Union

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Health 101: Phases of Fasting – Health Benefits and Bodily Changes

Intermittent Fasting Health Food

Fasting triggers distinct health benefits depending on the duration. Within the first 12 hours, the body depletes glycogen stores, lowers insulin levels, and begins shifting to fat-burning while improving insulin sensitivity. By 16 hours, fat oxidation accelerates, mild ketosis often begins, and many people notice reduced appetite and better blood sugar control. At 18 hours, ketone production increases noticeably, supporting brain function and mental clarity. Image source: Reddit

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Know Your Car Basics 101: Oxygen Sensors – Function and Faulty Implications

Oxygen Sensor Car Vehicle Engine Maintenance

An oxygen sensor is a vital component of a vehicle’s engine management system, essential for monitoring oxygen levels in exhaust gases to optimize fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. This comprehensive guide covers the operation, types, and importance of oxygen sensors, symptoms of faults, and the steps for diagnosis and replacement. Learn how to maintain these crucial sensors to ensure peak automotive performance and compliance with emission standards. Image source: Wikipedia / By Martin Olsson

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